Waltz essays

Three step dance papers Kenneth Waltz starts his conversation of the level of influence by posing the inquiry of whether it even exists. He asks whether it is a dream or reality. He feels that it does exist and that it is emphatically a piece of states regular reality. He feels thusly, on the grounds that he accepts that a key factor to states, if not the most significant factor is the one of endurance. States are not ensured security, except if they give it to themselves, as indicated by Waltz. States will do whatever is important to ensure themselves, including collaboration and shaping alliances, to ensure this security. Three step dance utilizes a case of a conventional game to help analyze his point. He says that in a game, with at least two players, one who needs to win needs to follow a system. His own, however the systems of different players also. To dominate this match, one may frame an alliance with another, in spite of the fact that that player could have been considered the adversary not exactly a couple of minuets prior. Three step dance likewise brings up that this coordinated effort between the two comes when another player is very nearly winning. He additionally expresses that this collaboration, may not occur, for different reasons. These reasons could be that the two abhorrence each other to an extreme, or that they are not insightful enough to understand that this participation needs to occur. Here Waltz can take a straightforward game, and build up the fundamental reasons, why states collaborate, and this explanation is on the grounds that they need to adjust the intensity of another express, that is very nearly winning the game. The consequence of another state winning the game is that different states included are presently at a misfortune. He additionally shows how a state can free, by being oblivious in regards to the need to coordinate. States may not adjust the intensity of another, due to such things as states not getting along, or the way that they are simply too oblivious to even think about realizing that they have to collaborate with the goal that they ca... <!

Messages of George Orwells Animal Farm Essay examples -- George Orwel

Messages of George Orwell's Animal Farm Despite the fact that Animal Farm can be viewed as just an enchanting animal tale delineating a destined defiance, its inception is really of an increasingly genuine and political nature. It isn't just the story of Napoleon and Animal Farm, however a parody and critique on that of the Russian Revolution, Stalin and Communism. For an individual to increase a genuine comprehension of Orwell's importance in Animal Farm, it is best that the person in question hosts a comprehension of the political gatherings and history encompassing Communism, Stalin, and the change and dread that followed Stalin's ascent to control. Orwell didn't compose Animal Farm basically as a sleep time story for youngsters, or for a work to be concentrated by understudies in their classes. As Alok Rai expressed, Orwell's Animal Farm was a determined shock, an intentionally provocative attack against the contemporary profound respect for the Soviet Union, whose militaries were battling with epic courage against Hitler's fear war machine. This foundation is critical to a right comprehension of Orwell's splendidly genuine quip (113). To draw the similitudes between Napoleon the pig and Stalin, or Snowball the pig and Trotsky is a piece of what makes this book so intriguing, and to do so one must have some information on the policy centered issues Orwell was expounding on at that point. As expressed, it is useful for an individual who is perusing Animal Farm to have some information on history to completely welcome the novel. What was the political circumstance that was occurring during the time wherein Orwell composed Animal Farm? For one, World War II was happening, however when the novel was distributed it was near the finish of the war. Stalin was in charge of the Soviet Union, under a Communist principle, however th... ...ther and, to whomsoever power was depended, it was practically sure to be manhandled. For power was itself defiling (147). This can, obviously, be one of a few distinct messages that are detracted from the novel by a peruser. Does one, at that point, must be a political history understudy to see all that goes on in Animal Farm? No. History understudy or not, there are a few messages to be found inside the novel, which anybody is equipped for finding, in the event that it is perused appropriately. Notwithstanding, to completely welcome all that Orwell endeavored to achieve with Animal Farm, or to see the equals between the novel and the strife of Orwell's existence, it is critical to have some grip of the legislative issues and history of that time. Something else, however not all the messages he planned inside the pages of Animal Farm will be lost, most of incongruities and equals definitely will be.

Edwiser Bridge Review WordPress And Moodle LMS

Edwiser Bridge Review WordPress And Moodle LMS Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Edwiser Bridge Review: WordPress And Moodle LMSUpdated On 09/01/2018Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : WordPressShort URL : https://hbb.me/2CDIKZz CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogBefore going ahead with Edwiser Bridge Review, if you are not familiar with Moodle, it is a free Open Source Course Management System (CMS) or Learning Management System (LMS). It is designed to help educators create effective online courses. If you are running a WordPress blog and if you want to integrate Moodle LMS, then you can say Hi to Edwiser Bridge. Now you can synchronize Moodle Courses and Users with WordPress easily.Both WordPress and Moodle are Content Management Systems (CMS) and they are Open Source as well. People I know prefer WordPress platform instead of Moodle sites because of better Search Engine Optimization (SEO). Moreover if you are already using a WordPress blog then you wil l be pretty much familiar with the interface and how it works.Edwiser Bridge ReviewGo ahead and install Edwiser Bridge WordPress Moodle LMS Integration plugin. With this plugin you can import and sell Moodle courses. If you have any issues with the installation/configuration process you can refer their documentation.Edwiser Bridge ExtensionsOne of the main reasons why Edwiser Bridge is popular is because of their awesome extensions. You also get automatic registration of WordPress users on the Moodle website. Just like we can expand WordPresss potential with the help of their plugins, we can do the same for Edwiser + Moodle Integration. You can pick the ones you need and integrate them on your blog for a small fee.WooCommerce Integration: You might be aware of WooCommerce, which is one of the best eCommerce plugins I have ever used for WordPress. Just in case you are using this on your WordPress blog, then here is a great extension to integrate them with Moodle. Through this integr ation, you can directly/easily sell Moodle LMS courses via WooCommerce itself. I personally love their shortcodes and templates integration feature.READHow To Enable Accelerated Mobile Pages (AMP) On Your WordPress Blog?Single sign on: This extension is also recommended since itll be completely beneficial to your users. Thanks to Single sign on, your users/members can use a single username and password for accessing both WordPress and Moodle simultaneously. This makes the login/logout process easy.Selective synchronization: With this you can selectively synchronize the Moodle courses you need for your WordPress blog. Keep the ones you like and avoid the ones you dont like. It makes the selection process much easier.Bulk Purchase (Upcoming): With this handy extension you can buy more than one Moodle course at once, you can grab them in a single purchase itself. You can also have this course enrolled to others by adding their details in the checkout. You can get notified when this ext ension launches.Edwiser = WordPress + MoodleThis is so far the best plugin out there to do this integration successfully and quickly. Edwiser Bridge acts as a bridge between WordPress and Moodle. Apart from importing the courses, you also have the option to sell them and get paid via PayPal. Thanks to WooCommerce Integration, you can get access to multiple payment gateways as well.Nevertheless, this is a free plugin and the best one out there, so go ahead and give it a try. Do let us know your views in the comments below or if you have any issues with the integration feel free to share your queries.

The Murder of College Student Katherine Foster

A 47-year-old woman living in a homeless shelter in Jackson, Mississippi has been arrested for a murder that took place in Alabama 28 years ago. Jamie Kellam Letson is being held on $500,000 bond in Mobile for the February 1980 shooting death of her longtime friend Katherine Foster, a student at the University of South Alabama when she was killed. Letson, who was 19 at the time, and the 18-year-old Katherine Foster were friends who grew up together in Pascagoula, Mississippi. On Feb. 23, 1980, Foster was a freshman at South Alabama in Mobile. When Foster went missing, a group of 50 volunteer students searched two days for her near the university and she was found in a wooded area near the campus. No Signs of Assault When she was found, there were few signs of foul play, except for the two bullet holes in her head and the blood underneath her hair. Investigators said her makeup was on, her hair brushed and her clothes neat and clean. There were no bruises on her body or any indication of sexual assault. Five days after the murder, police found a .22 caliber pistol at a nearby pond, but the gun turned out not to be the murder weapon, which has never been found. Few Clues Over the Years Three years after Fosters death, police thought they had another suspect when a university security guard committed suicide. In his home, they found an extensive collection of material related to the Foster case, including the autopsy report, news articles, and poems that the guard wrote about Foster. They also found in his garage a secure room with a mattress in which someone could have been hidden. But investigators determined that Michael Maris, the dead guard, had an alibi for the time of Fosters disappearance and he was ruled out as a suspect. Letson, who has served time for theft and bank fraud, was previously questioned by police in connection with the case  because she was a longtime friend of Foster, but the case had been cold for more than 25 years until recently. Assistant District Attorney Jo Beth Murphree would not tell reporters what evidence led to the arrest of Letson after 28 years.

Les Miserables and Great Expectations - 846 Words

Love is Love The power of love is a strong thing that can alter a person’s life and that is showcased quite often within books such as Les Miserables and Great Expectations. They also proved how different love can be for different people. Not necessarily saying one works better than the other, but how it can truly affect your life or even others around you. Pip idolizes Estella and therefore it causes him to change himself to fit her needs. On the other side of things, Marius and Cosette possess a very pure love where acts of love eventually bring them together. They couldn’t be more different. Love is the driving force in Charles Dickens’ Great Expectations novel. There’s many different themes within this book, although love is absolutely the most apparent. The book explores how you are products of what your circumstances are and it shows how Pip handles the circumstances in which he has been placed. Pip is motivated by love. Everything about his life points back to his love for Estella and he constantly expresses affection towards her. Estella wants nothing to do with him though. She’s cold and acts rude towards Pip, but it doesn’t stop him from pursuing her continuously. Meanwhile, Biddy, another young girl, expresses interest in Pip. Everything Estella is, Biddy is the complete opposite. She’s endearing and supportive of Pip. Meanwhile, Pip treats Biddy essentially how Estella acts towards Pip; cold. Pip basically ignores any of Biddy’s efforts and is blinded by hisShow MoreRelatedPositive and Negative Influences (Great Expectat ions, Les Misà ©rables,1429 Words   |  6 Pages people can be influenced in both positive and negative ways. In the three novels that we have read so far, Great Expectations, Là ©s Misà ©rables, and Wuthering Heights, the main characters are faced with negative challenges and influences. 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Another way fans could participate in the film was by submitting their name to a list of three thousand five hundred â€Å"Fans† that would be included in the final credit roll of the film. These three things created great interest in paying the price of a movie ticket for people to see something they had a small roll in. One of the most important features of the campaigns crowd sourced promotion platform was the inclusion of a contest that allowed local bars to competeRead MoreBroadway musicals: The Portrayal of Women through the Decades2571 Words   |  11 Pagesmarried then- colonel Peron to gain power and fame, but the musical makes it so there is absolutely no romantic involvement whatsoever. Fast-forward to the late 1980s and the arrival on Broadway of the two biggest hits of the twentieth century: Les Miserables and The Phantom of the Opera. In the 1980s, the â€Å"British Invasion,† as it was called brought mega musicals, also known as â€Å"technomusicals† or â€Å"poporettas†, to New York’s Broadway from London, where they were already smash hits. This new styleRead MoreThe Burial at Thebes1234 Words   |  5 PagesAnarchist or simply a cry for common sense and some humanity? There are many literary examples of this type of conflict; from Inspector Javert in Victor Hugo’s Les Miserables to Brutas in William Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar and yet ironically, the one character that Creon has such a striking resemblance to today wasn’t made up for some great novel, he couldn’t have been made up, ex-President George W Bush is real. Acting out of fear and ignorance, Bush like Creon took preventative measures to counteractRead MoreAnalysis Of My Last Duchess By Robert Browning2479 Words   |  10 Pagesthat she was a product of her miserable era. In the age of ‘The Ruined Maid’, set during the urbanisation of Victorian Britain, women who turned to prostitution ‘ruined’ their social standings, but could live with a guarantee of economic stability. Yet, the poet Thomas Hardy satirizes his society’s view of prostitutes as ‘ruined’, rather suggesting that they lived among the freest and most refined of lives during his period. Furthermore, set most recently, the poem ‘Les Grands Seigneurs’ illustratesRead MoreLiterary Criticism : The Free Encyclopedia 7351 Words   |  30 Pages The genre translates fairly directly into cinematic form, the coming-of-age film. Plot outline[edit] A Bildungsroman relates the growing up or coming of age of a sensitive person who goes in search of answers to life s questions with the expectation that these will result from gaining experience of the world. The genre evolved from folklore tales of a dunce or youngest son going out in the world to seek his fortune. Usually in the beginning of the story there is an emotional loss which makes

Essay on Standards and Perceptions of Male Bearty...

Throughout history there have been many changes in the standards and perceptions of male beauty in Western culture. The portrayal of the male form throughout time, in art and sculpture, reflects the culture’s morals, values, and beliefs, among other things. In paintings and sculptures, artists depict the qualities in men that are important to the time period of their works. Perceptions of male beauty and their image can also represent a person’s social status in society, such as being noble, rich, or both. The male themes seen throughout art include heroes, the supernatural, biblical figures, and idealized bodies, to name a few. Some of the time periods that illustrate the importance of male beauty and image are the Baroque period,†¦show more content†¦The bodies of these men show the importance Neoclassic society placed on portraying the ideal male body from Greece. â€Å"The male figures have taut muscles and determined gazes and the repetition of the male f orm symbolizes their unity and seriousness† (Bluffington.edu). The men in this painting also appear statue-like, another characteristic of the Neoclassic male image. Transitioning from Baroque to Neoclassicism, the male form went from portraying the average, everyday male to focusing more on showing the strength and heroism of men. Continuing on after the Neoclassical period one can continue to see the male image in art evolve as well as societies changing standards and perceptions in the Romantic era. Romanticism rejected the ideals of Neoclassicism and the Enlightenment. Western culture began to shy away from the order and reason of classical beliefs and became interested in natures unruliness, natural goodness of mankind, and emotional expression. Romanticism was also triggered by changes in science. In paintings, artists of Romanticism used a more expressive and individualistic style as opposed to the idealized image of Neoclassicism to portray their men. â€Å"In art and literature, Romanticism typically refers to the late 18th century and the 19th Century† (reviewpainting.com) A romantic painting to analyze is Friedrich’s Wanderer Above the Sea of Fog (1818). This painting shows the male figure alone in

Successful you become free essay sample

The more money you have, the more successful you become. In different classes of society, success is defined and measured in number of Languishing and Ferris, in number of countries visited, in number of gadgets owned, in number of bank accounts, and to some men, in number of young mistresses. Some people Jump from one Job to another, not to look for the ones they love to do, but the ones that offer better paycheck. Some people work, not to serve but to get paid. Some people at, not because they need to but because they want to, while in some distant places some people never get the chance to eat. But how do we really define success? How do we know if we are already successful? Each one of us has our own definition, each one of us has our own barometer. What makes us happy makes us successful. I remember my grandmother would always ask me to water her plants and clean her front yard, and in exchange I would be given school allowance, so I got the chance to buy better snacks than usual. We will write a custom essay sample on Successful you become or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page And as I grow older, I get to understand that in order to get better opportunities; you have to work hard to get it. But there was one time my mother caught me asking my grandmother for my school allowance after watering her plants, and my mother told me not to ask for any payment for every errand my grandmother asks. I didnt understand her point then, because I watered the plants to earn my school allowance; why should I not ask for a penny if I deserve it? And Just lately I understood, not all handworks need to get paid, though reward comes reprovingly. And this is how I define success; it is achieved when your hard work creates happiness to other people whether reward comes or not. Success is when you earn respect without imposing. Success is when contentment overpowers greed. Success is when you live with integrity despite temptations. For you may succeed fraudulently, but you will never be proud. Success arises from downfall. Success further is not an end but rather the climax of our day to day Journey and the beginning of another success.

History Of The American Mafia Essays - Genovese Crime Family

History Of The American Mafia Imagine living in a world where crime ruled. A world where gangsters were more powerful than politicians, owned the police, and ran the city in whatever way they felt. They robbed whom they wanted and killed when they didnt get their way. Now stop imagining and realize that this happened here in the United States of America in the 1920s. It was run by an organization made up mainly of Italians called the Mafia. The word Mafia itself has many meanings. In Arabic it means refuge, which refers to the origins of the Mafia as a society that fled to the hills of Italy to avoid attack. Some Italians hold it as a word of high respect implying strength, courage, agility, quickness, endurance, and intelligence (Brief History 2). This is why being a member of the Mafia is such an honor to its members. Another meaning of the word refers to the Mafias origins as an acronym in Italian, Morte Alla Franciese Italia Annela. This translates to Death to French is Italys Cry in reference to Italians distaste for the French during their invasions in the 1800s. The Mafia originated in Sicily as a secret society to unite Sicilian natives against invasions by France and Arabs in the late 1800s. These Mafia members led a revolt against the French and Arabs and gained power over time. As time progressed, the Mafia controlled the government, banks, and police activity and turned to crime for profit. A Mafia-run Sicily prospered until the rise of Benito Mussolini. As an advocate of socialism, he began to crack down on Mafia activity in Italy (Brief History 2). This forced many of the prominent mob bosses to flee America where they would prosper for a decade and a half. As complicated as it might be, the Mafia revolves around one basic principle called Omerta. Omerta is an oath in which every official member of the Mafia must be sworn in under. This code states that all family-based activities are above all domestic family matters in the home, it enforces silence, a strike upon another member is like a strike on the boss himself. Violating any of these laws is punishable by death with no trial or remorse (Whizkid01 3). This one value is what kept Mafia families powerful and prosperous. As the Mafia grew in America, they prospered off illegal gambling and prostitution. It wasnt until 1919 with the ratification of the 18th Amendment to the Constitution that the Mafia really gained power. The 18th amendment banned the distribution and manufacturing of alcoholic beverages in America (Prohibition 2). Although this amendment meant nothing but good, it did the exact opposite to America. While politicians saw an improved nation with this amendment, criminals saw green. Americans now thought drinking as a thrill, it was something illegal that they can do but get away with. It was the rush of getting away with it that made speakeasies so popular. Speakeasies were Mafia-run entertainment clubs, consisting of an open bar of the finest bootlegged liquor along with dining and entertainment (Prohibition 5). One of the most successful Mafia bosses involved in bootlegging and prostitution was Charles Lucky Luciano. He was born in 1897 in Sicily, Italy. At the age of 9 he moved to the Lower East Side of New York. In 1920 he began his own prostitution ring in New York. By 1925 he had control of all the prostitution rackets in Manhattan. He moved into bootlegging along with Meyer Lansky in 1931. That same year, he organized a meeting for all the families in New York after the execution of his rival, Masseria in order to maintain peace. The organization of the five families was based on Caesars ruling of the Roman Empire, enforcing organization and discipline and the code of Omerta. Although all the money he made was illegal, Luciano still reported all taxes and kept his paper work clean. However, he did not escape the wrath of the hungry Thomas E Dewey, a powerful district attorney. The underworld mastermind was brought up on 90 charges of racketeering but was released unscathed. Luciano and the US worked a deal where Luciano would expose vital facts

Free Essays on The Crusades

The Crusades The crusades were military expeditions launched against the Muslims by the Christians in an attempt to regain the Holy Land. They took place between 1095 A.D. and 1270 A.D. It was one of the most violent periods in the history of mankind. The starting point of the crusades was on November 18, 1095 A.D. When Pope Urban II opened the Council of Clermont. On November 27, outside the French city of Clermont-Ferrand, the Pope made an important speech. He called upon everyone to help the Christians in the east to restore peace. The crowd's response was very positive. Garments were cut into the shape of a cross, which was attached to people's shoulders in an imitation of Christ (Matthew 10:38). (1) The original object of the First Crusade was to help Christian churches in the east. The new goal became to free the Holy Land from Muslim control, especially Jerusalem. Pope Urban II stayed in France until September 1096 to provide leadership and guidance for the members of the First Crusade. He urged churchmen to preach the cross in France. Urban wanted the crusading army to be mostly made up of knights and other military personnel. Since the news of his speech at Clermont spread through the west, people from all social classes and occupations joined the Crusade. As a result of Urban losing control of personnel, violence was launched against the Jews of northern France. This violence was mostly instigated by bands of the urban and rural poor led by men like Peter the Hermit and Walter Sans-Avoir. These groups lacked supplies and discipline. They attempted to reach Constantinople but most of them never got that far. The leaders in lands that they passed through were frightened and killed many of the crusading bands. Some did get to Constantinople and traveled across the Bosphorus in August 1096. There they split into two groups. One tried to overtake Nicaea and was unsuccessful. ... Free Essays on The Crusades Free Essays on The Crusades The Crusades The crusades were military expeditions launched against the Muslims by the Christians in an attempt to regain the Holy Land. They took place between 1095 A.D. and 1270 A.D. It was one of the most violent periods in the history of mankind. The starting point of the crusades was on November 18, 1095 A.D. When Pope Urban II opened the Council of Clermont. On November 27, outside the French city of Clermont-Ferrand, the Pope made an important speech. He called upon everyone to help the Christians in the east to restore peace. The crowd's response was very positive. Garments were cut into the shape of a cross, which was attached to people's shoulders in an imitation of Christ (Matthew 10:38). (1) The original object of the First Crusade was to help Christian churches in the east. The new goal became to free the Holy Land from Muslim control, especially Jerusalem. Pope Urban II stayed in France until September 1096 to provide leadership and guidance for the members of the First Crusade. He urged churchmen to preach the cross in France. Urban wanted the crusading army to be mostly made up of knights and other military personnel. Since the news of his speech at Clermont spread through the west, people from all social classes and occupations joined the Crusade. As a result of Urban losing control of personnel, violence was launched against the Jews of northern France. This violence was mostly instigated by bands of the urban and rural poor led by men like Peter the Hermit and Walter Sans-Avoir. These groups lacked supplies and discipline. They attempted to reach Constantinople but most of them never got that far. The leaders in lands that they passed through were frightened and killed many of the crusading bands. Some did get to Constantinople and traveled across the Bosphorus in August 1096. There they split into two groups. One tried to overtake Nicaea and was unsuccessful. ...

Radio and Newspaper Advertisements Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Radio and Newspaper Advertisements - Essay Example During the same period, some 8367.69 pounds on average were used in the same branches. The profit realized after using the two means was 676,727.33 pounds. The lowest profit realized was 30, 6240 pounds while the highest was 1,077,445 pounds. The branch which used the little funds on radio adverts used 3,584 pounds while the highest used 11,162. In news papers, the highest amount spend in a branch was 12,514 pounds while as little as 4,506 pounds was spend by a branch. (as per table 1 above) Radio advertisements alone have a significant contribution towards the profit of the company. An expenditure of 1 pound contributes about 81 pounds of profit. A regression equation can be developed from above; Likewise, taking newspaper adverts alone, the contribution is significant although to the negative side in profit growth. It has a contribution of -10.026 which is significant. The regression equation can be written as below; When radio and newspaper advertisements are combined together, newspaper adverts have no significant contribution at all. Radio advertisements contribute a lot towards the profit. The regression equation is as below, From the above analysis, the expenditures by Body shock ltd in advertisement using both radio and newspapers are the same (figure 4). ... Figure 3 above confirms that, the expenditures on newspaper advertisements were not normally distributed at all and revolved about the means. Table 3: Coefficient for radio standardized Coefficients t Sig. B Std. Error (Constant) 61147.729 71793.952 .852 .399 RADIO 81.285 9.225 8.812 .000 Dependent Variable: PROFIT Radio advertisements alone have a significant contribution towards the profit of the company. An expenditure of 1 pound contributes about 81 pounds of profit. A regression equation can be developed from above; P = 61167 + 81.285 R'''''''''''''''''1 Where, P = profit and R = radio expenditure Figure 4 Table 4: Coefficient for news standardized Coefficients t Sig. B Std. Error (Constant) 760622.382 125675.457 6.052 .000 NEWS -10.026 14.652 -.684 .497 Dependent Variable: PROFIT Likewise, taking newspaper adverts alone, the contribution is significant although to the negative side in profit growth. It has a contribution of -10.026 which is significant. The regression equation can be written as below; P = 760622 - 10.026 N'''''''''''''''''''.2 Figure 5 Table 5: Coefficients for news standardized Coefficients t Sig. B Std. Error (Constant) 64719.715 110993.021 .583 .563 NEWS -.382 8.969 -.043 .966 RADIO 81.236 9.407 8.636 .000 Dependent Variable: PROFIT When radio and newspaper advertisements are combined together, newspaper adverts have no significant contribution at all. Radio advertisements contribute a lot towards the profit. The regression equation is as below, P = 64719.715 - .382 N + 81.236 R'''''''''''''.3 Table 9 in the appendix is developed using equations 1 & 3 above. Discussion From the above analysis, the expenditures by Body shock ltd in advertisement using both radio and newspapers are the same

UK Regulatory Framework for Corporate Governance Dissertation

UK Regulatory Framework for Corporate Governance - Dissertation Example They have to rely on the directors’ judgement in running the company. If the information were freely available to all the firm’s stakeholders at the same time, there wouldn’t have been a need for corporate governance. Therefore, the need of corporate governance has arisen in order to facilitate an effective, prudent and entrepreneurial management, which can deliver long run success of the firm (FRC, 2010, p.1). It is a mechanism as to how the vision and values of the firm are set by the board of the firm distinguished from the regular operational management of the firm by its executives. Corporate governance defines the relationship between various stakeholders such as shareholders, directors, management, employees, creditors, suppliers, customers, government, and regulators, and ensures accountability, integrity and transparency (Mead & Sagar, 2006, p.334). 1.1.1 Aims & Objectives This paper aims to explain the effectiveness of the corporate governance framework by which UK companies are regulated. The effectiveness of the corporate governance practices has been analyzed through the understanding the development of UK’s Combined Code on corporate governance. 1.1.2 Scope of the Paper In order to achieve this paper’s aims and objectives, guidelines of FRC over the Combined Code has been carefully analyzed. The analysis of the effectiveness of corporate governance code has been done on the basis of research papers previously published in the related field. The first section of the paper reviews the literature explaining UK corporate governance code, development of the corporate governance code and practices since 1992, and link between audit assurance and corporate governance. The second section presents the research methodology. The third section presents the findings on the effectiveness of the evolved combined code of corporate governance. This followed by the discussion and conclusion. 2 Chapter 2 2.1 Literature Review 2.1.1 Corporate Governance Codes The Corporate Governance Code in UK is founded on ‘comply or explain’ approach (FRC, 2010, p.4). The approach requires that the companies should comply with the Code and if it is unable to comply with any particular aspect of the Code then it should explain in its financial disclosures. The approach is widely accepted and appreciated by the corporations. The Code does not provide rigid rules but consists of principles and provisions. Compliance with the principles and reporting the same to the shareholders is required under the Listing Rules. The principles given in the Code are as follows: Leadership: Every Company should have an effective board that is collectively responsible for the success of the company. Responsibilities of running the board and running the company’s operations should be clearly defined and divided. The powers of decision should not be fettered to single person. The chairman of the board is responsible for leadin g the board and for oversight of the workings of management. The non-executive board members should challenge and assist develop the proposals on

Effectiveness of Quality and Systems Management within ASDA

Effectiveness of Quality and Systems Management within ASDA In this assignment I will look at the business performance and do an evaluation for my chose organisation. For this purpose I decide to choose the ASDA. ASDA is recognised as the private company and this company has owned by the American PLC organisation commonly known as the WAL-MART. The thing is that WAL-MART bought all the shares of ASDA and ASDA in now recognized as the ASDA WAL-MART PLC LTD. ASDA is well known for its services of retailer and goods selling to the general community. There are the examples of some services and products given by my organisation are as follow. Drinks Clothing Food Home and leisure Cutlery DIY Equipment like paint, paint brush nails and others etc. Identify and explain the role and importance of effective operations management. IMPORTANCE OF OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT The area of Operations management has focused mainly on the on the process to manage carefully to the distribution and sales of the product and to produce them. This is common that very small business do not involve in the process of operation management however for the medium size and large sized organisation this is very important and essential to run the organisation carefully and in an effective way. In any organisation the related activities are involved in the management of the purchasing power, quality control, inventory control, logistic, storage and evaluation. The main point to be considered here is the effectiveness and efficiency of the processes involved. A great deal of focus is on efficiency and effectiveness of processes. Due to this, the area of operations management is very important for an organisation. ASDA is a popular name in the category of household retails in the UK. As this is renowned by the international market it is very successful in his business in the UK. This is recognised as the well-known chain in the supermarket.   This organisation has his branches all over the world as under the nationwide supermarkets. The ASDA is public ltd. organisation and is open for public and they (stakeholders) are allowed to buy the shares in the organisation. This supermarket of ASDA is mainly aimed to provide the best and possible excellent service and food products to their customers. Even is organisation is successful in beating his competitors by sticking with their price strategy which is probably lower than that of the other organisation in the competition. ASDA is supermarket, which aims to provide its customers with the best possible goods and service with its permanently low prices. Identify the strategic objectives of your chosen Organization and analyze them with the help of appropriate tools. As I choose ASDA as my organisation of research, it has entry with his mission stamen as, To be the worlds leading supermarket.  Ã‚   This organisation has many strategic aims and objectives and by following that aims and objectives organisation can effectively turn their mission statement into practice, it has many aims and objective.  The aims and objectives of the ASDA are followed as under in detailed explanation. Aims of ASDA As ASAD is the fastest growing supermarket in the UK retail and grocery business in relation to the other supermarket in the market. There are some main aims are here mentioned that are in continuous way to strive to achieve. These aims are listed as follow: To maximise sales through competitive pricing and heavy advertising campaigns To make the supermarket a happy and an enjoyable place for the staff to work together in harmony To ensure complete customer satisfaction and minimise any complaints about their products or prices. To make shopping at Asda a completely new, unique experience which provides customers and their children with a convenient, warm, welcoming, happy and safe shopping environment. To keep the customers happy and satisfied by providing them with the best and latest products and services at the lowest prices, without having to compromise on quality To provide as much relevant information about products and services throughout the store, in a manner that is understandable to the customer Be as environmentally friendly as possible Objectives Unquestionably and unescapably, the greatest noteworthy aim of Asda same as to any other organisation is to become profitable extremely. So for the achievement of above aims and to get the increase in the profit turnover of the organisation there are some strategic objectives of the ASDA which are intended to show that how it can achieve and accomplish the aims and targets of the company.  Ã‚  Following is the explanation of the main strategic objectives of the organisation given with their explanation: As the organisation has its main aim to increase the profit like to increase its sale and maximization of the profit of the organisation, there is use of different kind of media devices like newspaper, radio, magazine and mainly television for the heavy advertisement of the organisation. This even aided and used for the promotion of their campaigns related to their latest promotions, cut in prices, services and line of new products. This kind of strategic objective has repent the ASDA a base for the loyal customers and even help to attract the new customers as well as this promotion envied the reputation for the products at their lower prices. The organisation has its objective to make the area of supermarket enjoyable and happy visits for the staff of the company and to work with each other in a friendly way, Asda is well known about the fact that the attitude of the staff has direct influence over the customers and their performance, if the staff will be the happy they will work with more enthusiasm and power to gain the competitive advantages. As they aimed to provide pleasant and happy working environment to their workers also by providing various incentives, bonuses and benefits like staff discount, pension from the company, share packages and various opportunities for the promotions in the job as well as in the salary. for the purpose to achievement of the customer satisfaction and even for the minimisation of the complaints from the customers and consumers about the various services and products or staff there is endurance provided by the Asda to their customers through the customers service section at each supermarket stores of Asda and at that services customers can communicate about their problems and unsatisfied services and if they want they can register any comments in relation to the services and products provided to them in the book of comment log. The organisation has pride themselves for this commitment with their customers.   For making the experience of shopping and buying products at Asda as safe, profitable warmth, welcoming, happy pleasurable and even easier as possible there is provision of all American style shopping mostly in all the stores of the Asda and at there the product and services provided to the customers usually by the help of local businesses. The service and product customers received through them under the suitability of one roof.   Ã‚  In the large branches of Asda now there is addition of in built house cafes, opticians, laundry, dry cleaner, fast food, bakeries and take away etc. and even their own petrol pumps and car washes centre there.  Many of them are now furnished with the retail electrical, clothing, home wares with the services of branches have now diversified into the retail electrical, home ware and clothing market in addition to providing financial and insurance services.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To keep the customers happy and satisfied with the products, prices, services and staff.  Ã‚  In order to ensure a loyal customer base and continue to attract new customers, Asda ensures they take advantage of their massive buying power and leading position in the supermarket industry in order to purchase the best quality goods and latest products at the most competitive prices.  Ã‚  These savings and product promotions and price-cuts are heavily advertised both through the national media and throughout its branches nationwide.  Ã‚  Furthermore, as an additional precaution, Asda prides itself on the fact that customer satisfaction with its products and prices are always maintained as its staff continually checks prices locally on a weekly basis, in order to ensure the supermarket always provides the lowest prices around Asda strives to provide as much relevant information about products and services throughout the store, in a manner, which is understandable to the customer.  Ã‚  It intends to achieve this by communicating various types of information such as public safety notices, new promotions and products and services, price reductions, charity fund-raising events through its regular customer magazines, leaflets, posters, customer information desk and staff. Where possible, Asda attempts to remain as globally welcoming friendly as possible as they can.  Ã‚  This contains lessening the packaging of the products and use of recycling papers for the making of their magazines, receipts and even for their leaflets and for the building up of new supermarkets as over the existing sites of the industry. Identify the performance operations objectives of the same company and analyze how successful the operations are in meeting strategic objectives of a company. Your discussion need to be focused on Quality, Cost, Speed, Flexibility and/or Dependability Task 2: Design and monitor appropriate systems to ensure quality of product and services Define resources, tools and systems required to support business process to improve the quality of products and services There are many resources, tools and systems are present that are used to ensure the quality of the services and products. For Asda there is constant evaluation of these standards of quality and there are regular checks that if they meet the conditions of good quality provide to the customers regarding the services and products offered to them. There are staff as well as the managerial procedures are taken for the monitoring of the high standards of quality in Asda. The following procedure is followed for the quality assurance in Asda. As first when the goods reach at Asda there is product evaluation test at the first, for the evaluation of the services and products. Even there is monitoring and testing of the taste and quality of the product so that organisation come to know we there that particular product is acceptable for the consumption and can be used by the customer. This procedure is called assurance of quality i.e. quality assurance.    For the next step they carried out the following tests during  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Production of new products that are presently under progress  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Test of products, when there is decision about the changing of the suppliers to Asda  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Test of their own products and brand against their competitors.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Organisation also involved in the product evaluation test. These tests are used to monitor quality and safety standards When they update information on the packaging The packaging information may need to be altered because of legislation that the government have implemented and that Asda have to abide by, or there maybe changes in the nutritional concepts or advances in cooking or food preservations method.  Ã‚  An example of when Asda may use quality assurance to add value to their products is when a product may have its packaging information changed to inform the consumers that it is acceptable to cook or use this product in the microwave.   For the further procedure the products are taken to the laboratory for the testing of the quality and validation of the products. In laboratory there is fibre optic probe placed into them and to each the temperature of the cooking so that there can be assurance of product to reach at required temperature for the safe use of the products.   These tests of quality control are applied to all new and existing products even if these are produce by Asda itself.  These quality tests are conducted in the centre of customer advice, head office and in the laboratory of Asda. The assurance of quality is implemented at all levels of the organisations and employees of the company are convinced to provide the best services to their customers and quality standards are set by the organisation for the better implementation of the quality products by the organisation. This set of high standards is taken as the SWOT i.e. strength, weakness, opportunity and threats to the organisation regarding the environment in which it works. The follow up of SWOT lets the organisation to check if the quality of the products and service meet the standard and are in the good competition with their rivals in the industry. Following are the tools used in the organisation to check the quality of their products. These tools are as follow: Just in time (JIT): in just in time the Asda usually order the products and when they are in need of them. Even product are prepared when they are needed and after production these products are then delivered to the store and those product are produced which are needed. This mainly save the money and even save the time, place for the storage for keeping the raw material and results in the beneficial for the organisation. Even this adds good value to the company and deliver fresh and best of the products and services to the customers to make them happy. Products are then prepared and delivered to the store, which requires the products. This will help save money, storage space required and the number of raw materials kept in stock. Machine utilisation control; In Asda this system is usually put into consideration as the machinery is very important part of the production process. So there is a proper provision of engineer that used to check and maintain the machinery time it time so that the process will not stop in between the work and they might not get the problem in the production system of the organisation, this help to ensure them to complete their task to complete and be in time to provide their services to their stakeholders. Stock control: Stock control is very crucial and organisation put good efforts in maintaining the stock control. In this [procedure there in checking by the senior staff regarding the stock and they decide for the order to make for the organisation. The raw material needed is checked that how much is needed and how much they had in their stock. This help to avoiding the running of low stocks. Quality control: This is very important and in this there is use of a machine that is linked to the computer system. This machine tests the products at every stage during the production development. This adds to improve the quality and help to add the value to the product as there is checking of products at every stage of the production in the organisation. Food additives: There is provision of food additives also. These additives are those chemicals that are natural and made especially for the use Asda also uses food additives. These additive are used to keep the food save and to make them last for long time. This also makes the taste of food good and stops them to get poisoning. These additives used are first approved by government and health care bodies and are allotted with their E-numbers. Asda used to put the names of the labels over the packing to avoid the confusion to the customers. There are some steps that are followed by the organisation for the improvement of the quality standards. Define quality audit systems/practice to manage and monitor quality to standards specified by the organization and process operated. Also suggest ways as to how quality audit systems can be implemented in an organization. Quality audit  is defined as the process of systematic examination of a  quality system  carried out by an internal or external quality auditor or an audit team. It is an important part of organizations  quality management system  and is a key element in the  ISO  quality system standard,  ISO 9001 (Wikipedia.com). Quality audits are usually those time intervals that are performed in a typical way and are predefined. They are used to ensure about the working of organisation as internal systems which are clearly defined in order to monitor those procedure linked to the effective measures. This basically help in the organisation to compiles with the system of quality processes and tends to improve the procedural and assessment criteria based on results. The audits are necessary tools for the management of the in order to verifying and used the objectives and evidences for the processes and even they used to assess the effectiveness and success of the processes and how they has to be implemented in the judgement of the achieving and defining the target s of the organisation. They provide evidences for the elimination and reduction of the problems and their areas. Audits are an essential management tool to be used for verifying objective evidence of processes, to assess how successfully processes have been implemented, for judging the effectiveness of achieving any defined target levels, to provide evidence concerning reduction and elimination of problem areas. [4] Audit Committee of ASDA For the ASDA the audit committee is maintained by the agency and this agency was appointed by the Agency maintained an Audit Committee that was appointed by the board of the ASDA. In this committee there are 2 non-executive members and chief executive executives. There is invitation given to ANAO by the Audit for the observation that financial service to provide the meeting and strengthening of the companys accountability and transparency. Following helps are given to the ASDA by Audit committee improving the quality of accounting and financial control; providing greater accountability and oversight of ASDAs financial management; independently overseeing probity within ASDA; Providing a forum where ASDA Board, executive management, internal audit and ANAO issues could be discussed. Strategic and Operational Plans There is organisation of new plans by the Asda that was endorsed by sports Minister and tourism. The 2005-2009 Strategic Plan prescribes ASDAs: future direction (vision); operating environment (mission); strategic breakthrough issues (goals); Strategies (objectives); Values (operating ethos); and key performance indicators (measures) Highlight the ways to introduce quality culture in your organization to ensure continuous monitoring and development of the process. The term of quality culture is that typical method used by the organisation, this approach is referred to the quality assessment and the implementation of strategic plans and operation for the organisation.   It follows the policies and procedures used to determine the shared beliefs and procedure for the development of the quality assurance in the business and for the solving of different problems and to minimise the risk.   There is interrelationship between the structure of organisation, quality culture and management style and this interrelationship have shown in the following diagram below:   Description: http://www.coursework.info/document/4/3/1/134806/134806_files/image002.jpg Asdas  interconnected its organisational structure and quality culture which is based upon the hierarchical structure power of the company. The diagram below shows quality standards from a consumers point of view. Description: http://www.coursework.info/document/2/1/7/71293/71293_files/image002.gif Consumer  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Description: http://www.coursework.info/document/2/1/7/71293/71293_files/image003.gif  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Creating Standards involve  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  customer satisfaction Description: http://www.coursework.info/document/2/1/7/71293/71293_files/image004.gifExceeding  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Delighting Consumer expectations  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  the consumer There are basically three stages of the quality development as follow: QUALITY CONTROL (QC) QUALITY ASSURANCE (QA) TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (TQM) Quality Control  (QC) looks at the flow of production. They have to look and see what falls below standards. Quality Control is carried out by quality control inspectors. Inspection and testing are common ways of doing quality control. Quality Assurance  (QA) is concerned with making sure there are no faults before and after the production flow. Quality Assurance also has to make sure all products that are produced are up to standards and have zero defects. Quality Assurance is responsible for a workforce, working in teams rather than an inspector. Total Quality Management  (TQM) goes beyond Quality Assurance. TQM is designed to make every employee delight a customer. Customers are at the centre of the production process. (Reference sources: Heinemann AVCE Advanced Business 2000 edition Dave Needham Rob Grandfield). TQM is a form of operations management. TQM is associated with every worker in a work place and tries to persuade them to consider quality in everything they do. All the employees aim to please customers, as the customers are one of the most important resources they have. Task 3: Improve organizational performance Monitor systems and work activities in your organization and identify problems and opportunities for improvement. SWOT analysis of ASDAà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Here I follow up the SWOT analysis of ASDA. A SWOT analysis demonstrates the  strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats  of ASDA. Strengthsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Lots of shareholders Asda have 2nd largest supermarket chain in UK Part of WAL MART Best value for the retailer regarding the money High profits wall- mart ASDA have a lot of shareholders Weaknessesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Not as comparative to Tesco - Britains 1st  biggest supermarket chain More brand products of ASDA, no selling of high brand products. Tend to sell more ASDA brand products rather than big named products e.g. Nestle, Cadbury etc. Generally be contingent on George clothing sales for great profits Less number of stores as Tesco and Sainsbury has. Opportunitiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Offer Gorge clothing stores as Leeds and Croydon Good job developments offer. Equal chancer Threatsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ High competition in the market. Decrease in the number of shareholders. Selling fear by the WAL MART. ASDA HQ might pick at any stretch to become free of the range of George clothing. Develop an Implementation Plan for the evaluated recommendations and evaluated the possible changes within an organization. Following is an implementation plan which has to be followed by ASDA so that it might get the competitive advantages by providing good quality standards. There are many quality control systems that should be followed as under: There are numerous quality control and assurance systems which include:- Quality circles Total quality management ISO 9000 Self-checking or inspection Training and development Bench marking These systems of quality control and assurance are suitable for the different condition within the organisations. In this according to me the total quality management and benchmarking will be the best approach to be followed so to ensure the good quality assurance. The main objective of TQM is to make all the employee so trained that they ensure to make the every customer happy and satisfied with their services and products. Following is the graph for the total quality management for the ASDA. As customers intend to pay high for the attainment of the high quality standards Asda could to be build up the under-one-roof 24 hour shopping strategy by following the new stagey and convenience like store banks, travel agents, takeaways, cafes etc. experience by introducing new services and convenience such as in store banks, travel agents, take away etc.; following is the graph   Conclusion From the above report it is concluded that ASDA has good strategic plan but no plan is perfect there must be need have improvement is all plans and strategies. So in the same way the ASDA has to do some improvements for the purpose to get the good competitive advantages by providing the better quality and services to their stakeholders. For this the organisation has to follow up the tools of total quality management and benchmarking in order to keep its position in the market and for the implementation of good plans regarding the development of the quality systems. References

Is Caffeine Addictive? Essay -- Biology Essays Research Papers

Is Caffeine Addictive? As exams approach, students everywhere reach for their coffee mugs, their Vivarine and No-Doz. Legions of wide-eyed and shaky young people stay up late into the night, printing out final papers and cramming a year worth of information into their over-burned minds. Falling asleep over books is not acceptable at this time of year. But this is not a new thing; many students have a late-night lifestyle supported by caffeine, getting an average of 5 hours of sleep a night. These young people are a part of the nearly 80% of Americans who depend on caffeine (1). They use it to stay awake when their bodies tell them they need to sleep. Many people use it simply to feel more awake or simply because they like the taste of coffee, sodas or teas which contain the drug. For those who love coffee, the taste is often cited as the reason for the "addiction" and the use of that word does not imply anything like a drug addiction. However, try to take away someone's coffee abruptly and chances are they will experience withdrawal symptoms (2). The body develops a dependence on caffeine which is very obvious; stop drinking coffee for a day after being a regular drinker and get a headache, then drink coffee and it goes away. Some call this an addiction, coining terms such as "caffeinisme" and "caffeine withdrawal syndrome" (4), and classify caffeine as a mind-altering drug (3) (5) (6) (7). Many others protect caffeine, saying it does not compare to a true drug addiction and some even claim it has benefits-that it not only increases alertness but has other healthful properties (2) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13). It is very difficult to find an objective article on the effects of caffeine, for while the information is often c... ...xhaustion. There is great need for more research regarding the properties of caffeine. There is too much contradictory information and studies are not conclusive. A huge number of people around the world consume enough caffeine to be diagnosed as dependent who have not been reassured that it is safe. Nor have they been given a good enough reason to stop their consumption or cut down to safer levels of caffeine intake. It would take a lot of negative findings to dissuade people from using the drug, but a better understanding on all properties could also find more uses for caffeine and could reassure those who are doubtful of the safety of caffeine consumption. Internet Sources: http://www.usa-gymnastics.org/publications/usa-gymnastics/1996/4/body-balance.html http://www.healthy.net/scr/article.asp?ID=800 http://www.healthy.net/scr/article.asp?ID=2046

Decision-Making Case Study Health Care Management Essay

Stoddard County Public Health Clinic is located on Highway 25, North of Bloomfield, Missouri. The clinic provides services to infant and child; young and middle aged adults; older adults; environmental services; and group/community services. When the 2009 budget cuts were distributed among the different departments, the manager of the Young and Middle Aged Adult Department noted a 15% budget cut. This paper is a case study of how the Young and Middle Aged Adult Department Manager will decide what tools she will use to decide which clinical service should be eliminated or introduced to better serve the Medicaid population at while at the same time make a 15% cut in its budget. Clinic Services Available and StaffingThe services available for the Young and Middle Aged Adult Department includes: breast and cervical screening project, anemia screening, sexually transmitted diseases, pregnancy testing, immunizations, nutrition education, W.I.C, women’s health screenings, high risk pregnancy counseling and case management for prenatals (Stoddard County, 2008). Staffing for the department includes: Department Manager; 2 full-time LPNs to perform screenings, draw blood samples and administer immunizations; 1 full-time nutritionist for the nutrition education; and 1 RN Case Manager to manage the women’s health screenings, high risk pregnancy counseling. The clerical staff is shared among the entire clinic. The Department Manager looked at the year-to-date information for each service provided under her department with the thought of possibly eliminating a service to make up for the 15% budget cut. Upon reviewing the all statistics concerning frequency of use and after surveying all staff members within the clinic, it was determined that each service was very important to the Medicaid recipients of Stoddard County. One suggestion from a staff member was to convert one of the full-time LPN positions to a part-time position and starting a clinical volunteer program. Another position that could be changed from full-time to part-time is the Nutritionist. Statistics have shown that her services are only needed 4 hours a day instead of the full 8 hours. The volunteers would be clinically proficient and could conduct the screenings that are very popular within Stoddard County. In order for the decision to be made, the Department  Manager will need to make a decision to use a decision making analysis tool. The Informed Decisions ToolboxOne option for the department manager can use to make a decision on how to manage a 15% budget cut for her clinic, is to use The Informed Decisions Toolbox developed by Thomas G. Rundall, PhD and his associates (University Of Phoenix, 2008). The toolbox is divided into six steps to help managers make an informed decision. The six steps include: Step 1: Framing the question behind the decision; Step 2: Finding sources of information; Step 3: Assessing the accuracy of information; Step 4: Assessing the applicability of information; Step 5: Assessing the actionability of information; Step 6: Determining if the information is adequate (University Of Phoenix, 2008). Step 1: Framing the Question Behind the DecisionBefore making an informed decision, the manager must formulate a research question out of the management question. In this case study the management question is â€Å"How will the Young and Middle Aged Adult Department operate with a 15% budget cut?† The research question is â€Å"What clinical services should be eliminated or added to allow for the 15% budget cut within the Young and Middle Aged Adult Department’s and how will it affect the profitability and quality of care outcomes during the 2009 budget year within the Medicaid population?† (University Of Phoenix, 2008). Step 2: Finding Sources of InformationStep 2 of The Informed Decisions Toolbox discusses different avenues of researching the management question. These avenues include, but are not limited to: healthcare organization libraries, webmasters intranet information and in-house support systems; and the Internet. Step 2 also describes search tips that were very useful (University Of Phoenix, 2008). Step 3: Assessing the Accuracy of InformationStep 3 guides the user to asking the following questions to help ascertain whether the information is accurate: â€Å"Is the information valid and reliable? Is the information comprehensive? Am I missing important perspectives or aspects of my decision?† (University Of Phoenix, 2008). Step 4: Assessing the Applicability of InformationThis step guides the user to decide if all the information accessed was applicable to making a decision. Step 5: Assessing the Actionability of InformationStep 5 will guide the user to determine if the information collected will provide useful recommendations to be implemented, what the expected effects may be of the decision and what are the possible effects that were not expected (University Of Phoenix, 2008). Step 6: Determining if the Information is AdequateThis last step will guide the user in making the determination as to when there has been enough information gathered to make a decision (University Of Phoenix, 2008). After reviewing the information on The Informed Decisions Toolbox, the Department Manager decided this tool wasn’t useful for the type of decision that needed to be made. There are four key strategies that have been recommended for use that affects an organization when the toolbox is used:1.†Strategy One: Recognize and Respond to the Growing Demand for Accountability as a Strategic Issue† (University of Phoenix, 2008). 2.†Strategy Two: Establish Organizational Structures and Processes for Knowledge Transfer† (University of Phoenix, 2008). 3.†Strategy Three: Build a Questioning Organizational Culture† (University of Phoenix). 4.†Strategy Four: Build Organizational Research Capabilities† (University of Phoenix, 2008). By using these strategies, an organization will be able to ensure that have all the research information at hand to help them stay accountable for their  actions. It is also a way for sharing of knowledge and always questioning so as to build a stronger organization. Devil’s Advocate TechniqueDevil’s Advocate is a technique that is used in gathering the positive and the negative aspects to a decision that needs to be made (Liebler & McConnell, 2008, p. 159). In this case, the Department Manager assigned the 2 LPNs and Case Manager the task of brainstorming and writing down the negative aspects of her proposal and all the positive aspects to the proposal. Negative AspectsThere were some strong negative aspects that the team was able to verbalize during the brainstorming session. Some of the stronger comments were:1.A full-time staff member will be required to have a change of status from full-time to part-time. This could cause the staff member make the decision to resign and find a position elsewhere. This will cause the Department to incur the expense of recruiting and training a replacement. 2.Cost of recruiting and training volunteer staff to make up for the  ½ FTE position lost. 3.Loss of expertise from taking already fully training long-time employee out of the full-time position and replacing them with an inexperienced volunteer. Positive AspectsThere were some strong positive aspects that came from the brainstorming as well. Some of the stronger comments/aspects are:1.Cost savings from using volunteer services. The LPN is making an hourly wage of $17.50 per hour equates to approximately $36,400 annually. By using the volunteer for part-time, there will be a savings of $18,200 annually. 2.Cost savings for changing the dietician to part-time would be $22,500, which is half of the $45,000 annual salary paid. The total budget from previous year was $154,800. The new budged, which excludes the 15% cut is $131,580, which equates to a total $23,200 difference. If the decision was made to change the two positions to  part-time, there would be a cost savings of $40,700.00. In conclusion, the decision-making tool that best suited the Department Manager of the Young & Middle Aged Adult was the Devil’s Advocate. By allowing those who the decision was going to affect the most have a part in the decision making process ensured better understanding of budget cuts. The Informed Decisions Toolbox is an excellent tool for those decisions requiring a lot of research data; however, not best suited for this Department Manager. The final decision was made to proceed with changing 1 FTE LPN to Part-time and 1 FTE Dietician to Part-time, which will create a total budgeted savings of $40,700.00. References Liebler, J., & McConnell, C. (2008). Management Principles for Health Professional (5th ed.). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett. Stoddard Conty. (2008). Stoddard County Public Health Center. Retrieved November 30, 2008, from http://www.stoddardcountyhealth.com/ServicesAvailable.htmUniversity Of Phoenix. (2008). The informed decisions toolbox: Tools for knowledge transfer and performance improvement. Retrieved November 30, 2008, from University of Phoenix, Week Two, Resource HCS 514 – Managing in Today’s Health Care Organizations Web site.

Social Marketing - 1409 Words

Henderson (2001) also adds that: ‘Embracing CSR would inevitably have consequences that would raise the cost of doing business, could well reduce revenues, and might also cause companies to sponsor low yielding investment which they would otherwise have turned down.’ In addition, organizations really motivated to apply and absorb CSR as a core value in its activities, would have to undergo a deep and internal change in its business operations and culture (employees, suppliers, offices) which represents a costly task and a time consuming mission. (Henderson, 2001) Another important aspect suggested by Trebeck (2008) is that organizations must keep in mind that government are still the main responsible entity of the†¦show more content†¦For instance Middlemiss (2003 cited in Comfort et al. 2007, pp.585) explains that ‘CSR is taking centre stage to provide more sustainable long term brand value’. Blumenthal and Bergstrom (2003 cited in Comfort et al. 2007, pp.585) describe it as ‘the convergence of branding and Corporate Social Responsibility’. Lou and Bhattacharya (2009) maintain that CSR creates a level of ‘Moral Capital’, which then translates into ‘Relational wealth’ with different stakeholders. This is based on brand faith and credibility with costumers, affective commitment among employees and regulators, trust among suppliers and higher attractiveness for investors in general. Consequently it is important for organizations, to understand that CSR initiatives need to be communicated and transmitted to its group of interest. As Blomqvist and Posner (2004 cited in Comfort et al. 2007, pp.584) propose: ‘Companies are losing out because there is often little or no integration between CSR and Marketing departments and their respective strategies and unless CSR becomes central to the Marketing director’s agenda, it will not have the desired effect and can potentially create a backlash.’ Lou and Bhattacharya (2009) also add that companies investing in these CSR initiatives can develop market based â€Å"intangible assets† like Customer loyalty, which can then reduce uncertainty about future profits of the firm.Show MoreRelatedMarketing Social Of Social Marketing1208 Words   |  5 Pages How is social marketing different The initial formal definition depicts social marketing as ...calculated to influence the acceptability of social ideas and involving considerations of product planning, pricing, communication, distribution and marketing research (Kotler and Zaltman, 1971, p. 5 in Andreason 1994, p. 109). 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